diff --git a/Cargo.lock b/Cargo.lock
index 64d7b9b8..c013ace2 100644
--- a/Cargo.lock
+++ b/Cargo.lock
@@ -108,9 +108,9 @@ checksum = "d92bec98840b8f03a5ff5413de5293bfcd8bf96467cf5452609f939ec6f5de16"
 
 [[package]]
 name = "async-trait"
-version = "0.1.60"
+version = "0.1.61"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "677d1d8ab452a3936018a687b20e6f7cf5363d713b732b8884001317b0e48aa3"
+checksum = "705339e0e4a9690e2908d2b3d049d85682cf19fbd5782494498fbf7003a6a282"
 dependencies = [
  "proc-macro2",
  "quote",
@@ -181,9 +181,9 @@ checksum = "9e1b586273c5702936fe7b7d6896644d8be71e6314cfe09d3167c95f712589e8"
 
 [[package]]
 name = "base64"
-version = "0.20.0"
+version = "0.21.0"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "0ea22880d78093b0cbe17c89f64a7d457941e65759157ec6cb31a31d652b05e5"
+checksum = "a4a4ddaa51a5bc52a6948f74c06d20aaaddb71924eab79b8c97a8c556e942d6a"
 
 [[package]]
 name = "bindgen"
@@ -476,9 +476,9 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "clipboard-win"
-version = "4.4.2"
+version = "4.5.0"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "c4ab1b92798304eedc095b53942963240037c0516452cb11aeba709d420b2219"
+checksum = "7191c27c2357d9b7ef96baac1773290d4ca63b24205b82a3fd8a0637afcf0362"
 dependencies = [
  "error-code",
  "str-buf",
@@ -545,7 +545,7 @@ name = "cozo"
 version = "0.5.0"
 dependencies = [
  "approx",
- "base64 0.20.0",
+ "base64 0.21.0",
  "byteorder",
  "casey",
  "chrono",
@@ -806,14 +806,14 @@ source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "1631ca6e3c59112501a9d87fd86f21591ff77acd31331e8a73f8d80a65bbdd71"
 dependencies = [
  "nix 0.26.1",
- "windows-sys 0.42.0",
+ "windows-sys",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
 name = "cxx"
-version = "1.0.85"
+version = "1.0.86"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "5add3fc1717409d029b20c5b6903fc0c0b02fa6741d820054f4a2efa5e5816fd"
+checksum = "51d1075c37807dcf850c379432f0df05ba52cc30f279c5cfc43cc221ce7f8579"
 dependencies = [
  "cc",
  "cxxbridge-flags",
@@ -823,9 +823,9 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "cxx-build"
-version = "1.0.85"
+version = "1.0.86"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "b4c87959ba14bc6fbc61df77c3fcfe180fc32b93538c4f1031dd802ccb5f2ff0"
+checksum = "5044281f61b27bc598f2f6647d480aed48d2bf52d6eb0b627d84c0361b17aa70"
 dependencies = [
  "cc",
  "codespan-reporting",
@@ -838,15 +838,15 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "cxxbridge-flags"
-version = "1.0.85"
+version = "1.0.86"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "69a3e162fde4e594ed2b07d0f83c6c67b745e7f28ce58c6df5e6b6bef99dfb59"
+checksum = "61b50bc93ba22c27b0d31128d2d130a0a6b3d267ae27ef7e4fae2167dfe8781c"
 
 [[package]]
 name = "cxxbridge-macro"
-version = "1.0.85"
+version = "1.0.86"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "3e7e2adeb6a0d4a282e581096b06e1791532b7d576dcde5ccd9382acf55db8e6"
+checksum = "39e61fda7e62115119469c7b3591fd913ecca96fb766cfd3f2e2502ab7bc87a5"
 dependencies = [
  "proc-macro2",
  "quote",
@@ -1030,7 +1030,7 @@ checksum = "bb21c69b9fea5e15dbc1049e4b77145dd0ba1c84019c488102de0dc4ea4b0a27"
 dependencies = [
  "cfg-if 1.0.0",
  "rustix",
- "windows-sys 0.42.0",
+ "windows-sys",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -1042,7 +1042,7 @@ dependencies = [
  "cfg-if 1.0.0",
  "libc",
  "redox_syscall",
- "windows-sys 0.42.0",
+ "windows-sys",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -1267,9 +1267,9 @@ checksum = "dec7af912d60cdbd3677c1af9352ebae6fb8394d165568a2234df0fa00f87793"
 
 [[package]]
 name = "glob"
-version = "0.3.0"
+version = "0.3.1"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "9b919933a397b79c37e33b77bb2aa3dc8eb6e165ad809e58ff75bc7db2e34574"
+checksum = "d2fabcfbdc87f4758337ca535fb41a6d701b65693ce38287d856d1674551ec9b"
 
 [[package]]
 name = "graph"
@@ -1332,9 +1332,9 @@ source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "ad402dbef95d726c4170fc69209c4d669a199c6462c63c69d67fa1d8f44511f4"
 dependencies = [
  "derive-new",
- "prost 0.11.5",
- "prost-build 0.11.5",
- "prost-types 0.11.5",
+ "prost 0.11.6",
+ "prost-build 0.11.6",
+ "prost-types 0.11.6",
  "tempfile",
 ]
 
@@ -1574,14 +1574,14 @@ source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "46112a93252b123d31a119a8d1a1ac19deac4fac6e0e8b0df58f0d4e5870e63c"
 dependencies = [
  "libc",
- "windows-sys 0.42.0",
+ "windows-sys",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
 name = "ipnet"
-version = "2.7.0"
+version = "2.7.1"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "11b0d96e660696543b251e58030cf9787df56da39dab19ad60eae7353040917e"
+checksum = "30e22bd8629359895450b59ea7a776c850561b96a3b1d31321c1949d9e6c9146"
 
 [[package]]
 name = "is-terminal"
@@ -1592,7 +1592,7 @@ dependencies = [
  "hermit-abi 0.2.6",
  "io-lifetimes",
  "rustix",
- "windows-sys 0.42.0",
+ "windows-sys",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -1895,7 +1895,7 @@ dependencies = [
  "libc",
  "log",
  "wasi 0.11.0+wasi-snapshot-preview1",
- "windows-sys 0.42.0",
+ "windows-sys",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -2136,9 +2136,9 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "object"
-version = "0.30.1"
+version = "0.30.2"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "8d864c91689fdc196779b98dba0aceac6118594c2df6ee5d943eb6a8df4d107a"
+checksum = "2b8c786513eb403643f2a88c244c2aaa270ef2153f55094587d0c48a3cf22a83"
 dependencies = [
  "memchr",
 ]
@@ -2253,7 +2253,7 @@ source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "3742b2c103b9f06bc9fff0a37ff4912935851bee6d36f3c02bcc755bcfec228f"
 dependencies = [
  "lock_api",
- "parking_lot_core 0.9.5",
+ "parking_lot_core 0.9.6",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -2272,15 +2272,15 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "parking_lot_core"
-version = "0.9.5"
+version = "0.9.6"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "7ff9f3fef3968a3ec5945535ed654cb38ff72d7495a25619e2247fb15a2ed9ba"
+checksum = "ba1ef8814b5c993410bb3adfad7a5ed269563e4a2f90c41f5d85be7fb47133bf"
 dependencies = [
  "cfg-if 1.0.0",
  "libc",
  "redox_syscall",
  "smallvec",
- "windows-sys 0.42.0",
+ "windows-sys",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -2312,9 +2312,9 @@ checksum = "478c572c3d73181ff3c2539045f6eb99e5491218eae919370993b890cdbdd98e"
 
 [[package]]
 name = "pest"
-version = "2.5.2"
+version = "2.5.3"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "0f6e86fb9e7026527a0d46bc308b841d73170ef8f443e1807f6ef88526a816d4"
+checksum = "4257b4a04d91f7e9e6290be5d3da4804dd5784fafde3a497d73eb2b4a158c30a"
 dependencies = [
  "thiserror",
  "ucd-trie",
@@ -2322,9 +2322,9 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "pest_derive"
-version = "2.5.2"
+version = "2.5.3"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "96504449aa860c8dcde14f9fba5c58dc6658688ca1fe363589d6327b8662c603"
+checksum = "241cda393b0cdd65e62e07e12454f1f25d57017dcc514b1514cd3c4645e3a0a6"
 dependencies = [
  "pest",
  "pest_generator",
@@ -2332,9 +2332,9 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "pest_generator"
-version = "2.5.2"
+version = "2.5.3"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "798e0220d1111ae63d66cb66a5dcb3fc2d986d520b98e49e1852bfdb11d7c5e7"
+checksum = "46b53634d8c8196302953c74d5352f33d0c512a9499bd2ce468fc9f4128fa27c"
 dependencies = [
  "pest",
  "pest_meta",
@@ -2345,13 +2345,13 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "pest_meta"
-version = "2.5.2"
+version = "2.5.3"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "984298b75898e30a843e278a9f2452c31e349a073a0ce6fd950a12a74464e065"
+checksum = "0ef4f1332a8d4678b41966bb4cc1d0676880e84183a1ecc3f4b69f03e99c7a51"
 dependencies = [
  "once_cell",
  "pest",
- "sha1",
+ "sha2",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -2438,9 +2438,9 @@ checksum = "5b40af805b3121feab8a3c29f04d8ad262fa8e0561883e7653e024ae4479e6de"
 
 [[package]]
 name = "prettyplease"
-version = "0.1.22"
+version = "0.1.23"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "2c8992a85d8e93a28bdf76137db888d3874e3b230dee5ed8bebac4c9f7617773"
+checksum = "e97e3215779627f01ee256d2fad52f3d95e8e1c11e9fc6fd08f7cd455d5d5c78"
 dependencies = [
  "proc-macro2",
  "syn",
@@ -2547,12 +2547,12 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "prost"
-version = "0.11.5"
+version = "0.11.6"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "c01db6702aa05baa3f57dec92b8eeeeb4cb19e894e73996b32a4093289e54592"
+checksum = "21dc42e00223fc37204bd4aa177e69420c604ca4a183209a8f9de30c6d934698"
 dependencies = [
  "bytes",
- "prost-derive 0.11.5",
+ "prost-derive 0.11.6",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -2575,9 +2575,9 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "prost-build"
-version = "0.11.5"
+version = "0.11.6"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "cb5320c680de74ba083512704acb90fe00f28f79207286a848e730c45dd73ed6"
+checksum = "a3f8ad728fb08fe212df3c05169e940fbb6d9d16a877ddde14644a983ba2012e"
 dependencies = [
  "bytes",
  "heck 0.4.0",
@@ -2587,8 +2587,8 @@ dependencies = [
  "multimap",
  "petgraph 0.6.2",
  "prettyplease",
- "prost 0.11.5",
- "prost-types 0.11.5",
+ "prost 0.11.6",
+ "prost-types 0.11.6",
  "regex",
  "syn",
  "tempfile",
@@ -2610,9 +2610,9 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "prost-derive"
-version = "0.11.5"
+version = "0.11.6"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "c8842bad1a5419bca14eac663ba798f6bc19c413c2fdceb5f3ba3b0932d96720"
+checksum = "8bda8c0881ea9f722eb9629376db3d0b903b462477c1aafcb0566610ac28ac5d"
 dependencies = [
  "anyhow",
  "itertools 0.10.5",
@@ -2633,12 +2633,12 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "prost-types"
-version = "0.11.5"
+version = "0.11.6"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "017f79637768cde62820bc2d4fe0e45daaa027755c323ad077767c6c5f173091"
+checksum = "a5e0526209433e96d83d750dd81a99118edbc55739e7e61a46764fd2ad537788"
 dependencies = [
  "bytes",
- "prost 0.11.5",
+ "prost 0.11.6",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -2861,9 +2861,9 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "regex"
-version = "1.7.0"
+version = "1.7.1"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "e076559ef8e241f2ae3479e36f97bd5741c0330689e217ad51ce2c76808b868a"
+checksum = "48aaa5748ba571fb95cd2c85c09f629215d3a6ece942baa100950af03a34f733"
 dependencies = [
  "aho-corasick",
  "memchr",
@@ -3023,7 +3023,7 @@ dependencies = [
  "io-lifetimes",
  "libc",
  "linux-raw-sys",
- "windows-sys 0.42.0",
+ "windows-sys",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -3090,12 +3090,11 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "schannel"
-version = "0.1.20"
+version = "0.1.21"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "88d6731146462ea25d9244b2ed5fd1d716d25c52e4d54aa4fb0f3c4e9854dbe2"
+checksum = "713cfb06c7059f3588fb8044c0fad1d09e3c01d225e25b9220dbfdcf16dbb1b3"
 dependencies = [
- "lazy_static",
- "windows-sys 0.36.1",
+ "windows-sys",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -3227,6 +3226,17 @@ dependencies = [
  "digest",
 ]
 
+[[package]]
+name = "sha2"
+version = "0.10.6"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "82e6b795fe2e3b1e845bafcb27aa35405c4d47cdfc92af5fc8d3002f76cebdc0"
+dependencies = [
+ "cfg-if 1.0.0",
+ "cpufeatures",
+ "digest",
+]
+
 [[package]]
 name = "shlex"
 version = "0.1.1"
@@ -3721,9 +3731,9 @@ checksum = "cda74da7e1a664f795bb1f8a87ec406fb89a02522cf6e50620d016add6dbbf5c"
 
 [[package]]
 name = "tokio"
-version = "1.23.1"
+version = "1.24.1"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "38a54aca0c15d014013256222ba0ebed095673f89345dd79119d912eb561b7a8"
+checksum = "1d9f76183f91ecfb55e1d7d5602bd1d979e38a3a522fe900241cf195624d67ae"
 dependencies = [
  "autocfg",
  "bytes",
@@ -3733,7 +3743,7 @@ dependencies = [
  "num_cpus",
  "pin-project-lite",
  "socket2",
- "windows-sys 0.42.0",
+ "windows-sys",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -3797,9 +3807,9 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "try-lock"
-version = "0.2.3"
+version = "0.2.4"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "59547bce71d9c38b83d9c0e92b6066c4253371f15005def0c30d9657f50c7642"
+checksum = "3528ecfd12c466c6f163363caf2d02a71161dd5e1cc6ae7b34207ea2d42d81ed"
 
 [[package]]
 name = "twoway"
@@ -4139,19 +4149,6 @@ version = "0.4.0"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "712e227841d057c1ee1cd2fb22fa7e5a5461ae8e48fa2ca79ec42cfc1931183f"
 
-[[package]]
-name = "windows-sys"
-version = "0.36.1"
-source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "ea04155a16a59f9eab786fe12a4a450e75cdb175f9e0d80da1e17db09f55b8d2"
-dependencies = [
- "windows_aarch64_msvc 0.36.1",
- "windows_i686_gnu 0.36.1",
- "windows_i686_msvc 0.36.1",
- "windows_x86_64_gnu 0.36.1",
- "windows_x86_64_msvc 0.36.1",
-]
-
 [[package]]
 name = "windows-sys"
 version = "0.42.0"
@@ -4159,12 +4156,12 @@ source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "5a3e1820f08b8513f676f7ab6c1f99ff312fb97b553d30ff4dd86f9f15728aa7"
 dependencies = [
  "windows_aarch64_gnullvm",
- "windows_aarch64_msvc 0.42.0",
- "windows_i686_gnu 0.42.0",
- "windows_i686_msvc 0.42.0",
- "windows_x86_64_gnu 0.42.0",
+ "windows_aarch64_msvc",
+ "windows_i686_gnu",
+ "windows_i686_msvc",
+ "windows_x86_64_gnu",
  "windows_x86_64_gnullvm",
- "windows_x86_64_msvc 0.42.0",
+ "windows_x86_64_msvc",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -4173,48 +4170,24 @@ version = "0.42.0"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "41d2aa71f6f0cbe00ae5167d90ef3cfe66527d6f613ca78ac8024c3ccab9a19e"
 
-[[package]]
-name = "windows_aarch64_msvc"
-version = "0.36.1"
-source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "9bb8c3fd39ade2d67e9874ac4f3db21f0d710bee00fe7cab16949ec184eeaa47"
-
 [[package]]
 name = "windows_aarch64_msvc"
 version = "0.42.0"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "dd0f252f5a35cac83d6311b2e795981f5ee6e67eb1f9a7f64eb4500fbc4dcdb4"
 
-[[package]]
-name = "windows_i686_gnu"
-version = "0.36.1"
-source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "180e6ccf01daf4c426b846dfc66db1fc518f074baa793aa7d9b9aaeffad6a3b6"
-
 [[package]]
 name = "windows_i686_gnu"
 version = "0.42.0"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "fbeae19f6716841636c28d695375df17562ca208b2b7d0dc47635a50ae6c5de7"
 
-[[package]]
-name = "windows_i686_msvc"
-version = "0.36.1"
-source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "e2e7917148b2812d1eeafaeb22a97e4813dfa60a3f8f78ebe204bcc88f12f024"
-
 [[package]]
 name = "windows_i686_msvc"
 version = "0.42.0"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "84c12f65daa39dd2babe6e442988fc329d6243fdce47d7d2d155b8d874862246"
 
-[[package]]
-name = "windows_x86_64_gnu"
-version = "0.36.1"
-source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "4dcd171b8776c41b97521e5da127a2d86ad280114807d0b2ab1e462bc764d9e1"
-
 [[package]]
 name = "windows_x86_64_gnu"
 version = "0.42.0"
@@ -4227,12 +4200,6 @@ version = "0.42.0"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "09d525d2ba30eeb3297665bd434a54297e4170c7f1a44cad4ef58095b4cd2028"
 
-[[package]]
-name = "windows_x86_64_msvc"
-version = "0.36.1"
-source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "c811ca4a8c853ef420abd8592ba53ddbbac90410fab6903b3e79972a631f7680"
-
 [[package]]
 name = "windows_x86_64_msvc"
 version = "0.42.0"
@@ -4250,10 +4217,11 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "zstd-sys"
-version = "2.0.4+zstd.1.5.2"
+version = "2.0.5+zstd.1.5.2"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "4fa202f2ef00074143e219d15b62ffc317d17cc33909feac471c044087cad7b0"
+checksum = "edc50ffce891ad571e9f9afe5039c4837bede781ac4bb13052ed7ae695518596"
 dependencies = [
  "cc",
  "libc",
+ "pkg-config",
 ]
diff --git a/cozo-core/Cargo.toml b/cozo-core/Cargo.toml
index 0cc32d0b..5859abb0 100644
--- a/cozo-core/Cargo.toml
+++ b/cozo-core/Cargo.toml
@@ -98,7 +98,7 @@ serde_bytes = "0.11.7"
 rmp = "0.8.11"
 rmp-serde = "1.1.0"
 rmpv = "1.0.0"
-base64 = "0.20.0"
+base64 = "0.21.0"
 chrono = "0.4.19"
 chrono-tz = "0.8.0"
 priority-queue = "1.2.3"
@@ -126,6 +126,4 @@ sqlite = { version = "0.30.1", optional = true }
 sqlite3-src = { version = "0.4.0", optional = true, features = ["bundled"] }
 js-sys = { version = "0.3.60", optional = true }
 graph = { version = "0.3.0", optional = true }
-crossbeam = "0.8.2"
-#redb = "0.9.0"
-#ouroboros = "0.15.5"
+crossbeam = "0.8.2"
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/cozo-core/src/data/functions.rs b/cozo-core/src/data/functions.rs
index 10178c4c..1e6927db 100644
--- a/cozo-core/src/data/functions.rs
+++ b/cozo-core/src/data/functions.rs
@@ -12,6 +12,8 @@ use std::ops::{Div, Rem};
 use std::str::FromStr;
 use std::time::{SystemTime, UNIX_EPOCH};
 
+use base64::engine::general_purpose::STANDARD;
+use base64::Engine;
 use chrono::{DateTime, TimeZone, Utc};
 use itertools::Itertools;
 #[cfg(target_arch = "wasm32")]
@@ -1240,7 +1242,7 @@ define_op!(OP_ENCODE_BASE64, 1, false);
 pub(crate) fn op_encode_base64(args: &[DataValue]) -> Result<DataValue> {
     match &args[0] {
         DataValue::Bytes(b) => {
-            let s = base64::encode(b);
+            let s = STANDARD.encode(b);
             Ok(DataValue::from(s))
         }
         _ => bail!("'encode_base64' requires bytes"),
@@ -1251,7 +1253,9 @@ define_op!(OP_DECODE_BASE64, 1, false);
 pub(crate) fn op_decode_base64(args: &[DataValue]) -> Result<DataValue> {
     match &args[0] {
         DataValue::Str(s) => {
-            let b = base64::decode(s).map_err(|_| miette!("Data is not properly encoded"))?;
+            let b = STANDARD
+                .decode(s)
+                .map_err(|_| miette!("Data is not properly encoded"))?;
             Ok(DataValue::Bytes(b))
         }
         _ => bail!("'decode_base64' requires strings"),
diff --git a/cozo-core/src/data/json.rs b/cozo-core/src/data/json.rs
index 1b6ce18c..96bbb7a4 100644
--- a/cozo-core/src/data/json.rs
+++ b/cozo-core/src/data/json.rs
@@ -6,6 +6,8 @@
  * You can obtain one at https://mozilla.org/MPL/2.0/.
  */
 
+use base64::Engine;
+use base64::engine::general_purpose::STANDARD;
 use serde_json::json;
 pub(crate) use serde_json::Value as JsonValue;
 
@@ -85,7 +87,7 @@ impl From<DataValue> for JsonValue {
                 }
             }
             DataValue::Str(t) => JsonValue::String(t.into()),
-            DataValue::Bytes(bytes) => JsonValue::String(base64::encode(bytes)),
+            DataValue::Bytes(bytes) => JsonValue::String(STANDARD.encode(bytes)),
             DataValue::List(l) => {
                 JsonValue::Array(l.iter().map(|v| JsonValue::from(v.clone())).collect())
             }
diff --git a/cozo-core/src/data/relation.rs b/cozo-core/src/data/relation.rs
index ec598451..ef5df764 100644
--- a/cozo-core/src/data/relation.rs
+++ b/cozo-core/src/data/relation.rs
@@ -6,11 +6,13 @@
  * You can obtain one at https://mozilla.org/MPL/2.0/.
  */
 
-use chrono::DateTime;
 use std::cmp::Reverse;
 use std::fmt::{Display, Formatter};
 use std::time::{SystemTime, UNIX_EPOCH};
 
+use base64::engine::general_purpose::STANDARD;
+use base64::Engine;
+use chrono::DateTime;
 use itertools::Itertools;
 use miette::{bail, ensure, Diagnostic, Result};
 use smartstring::{LazyCompact, SmartString};
@@ -199,7 +201,9 @@ impl NullableColType {
                     #[error("cannot decode string as base64-encoded bytes: {0}")]
                     #[diagnostic(code(eval::coercion_bad_base_64))]
                     struct BadBase64EncodedString(String);
-                    let b = base64::decode(s).map_err(|e| BadBase64EncodedString(e.to_string()))?;
+                    let b = STANDARD
+                        .decode(s)
+                        .map_err(|e| BadBase64EncodedString(e.to_string()))?;
                     DataValue::Bytes(b)
                 }
                 _ => bail!(make_err()),
diff --git a/cozo-core/src/data/value.rs b/cozo-core/src/data/value.rs
index cb531454..84515888 100644
--- a/cozo-core/src/data/value.rs
+++ b/cozo-core/src/data/value.rs
@@ -10,6 +10,8 @@ use std::cmp::{Ordering, Reverse};
 use std::collections::BTreeSet;
 use std::fmt::{Debug, Display, Formatter};
 use std::hash::{Hash, Hasher};
+use base64::Engine;
+use base64::engine::general_purpose::STANDARD;
 
 use ordered_float::OrderedFloat;
 use regex::Regex;
@@ -302,7 +304,7 @@ impl Display for DataValue {
             DataValue::Num(n) => write!(f, "{n}"),
             DataValue::Str(s) => write!(f, "{s:?}"),
             DataValue::Bytes(b) => {
-                let bs = base64::encode(b);
+                let bs = STANDARD.encode(b);
                 write!(f, "decode_base64({bs:?})")
             }
             DataValue::Uuid(u) => {
diff --git a/cozo-core/src/lib.rs b/cozo-core/src/lib.rs
index 90fac2f3..8d1df0e8 100644
--- a/cozo-core/src/lib.rs
+++ b/cozo-core/src/lib.rs
@@ -369,6 +369,8 @@ impl DbInstance {
 
         self.import_from_backup(&json_payload.path, &json_payload.relations)
     }
+    /// Register callbacks to run when changes to relations are committed.
+    /// The returned ID can be used to unregister the callbacks.
     #[cfg(not(target_arch = "wasm32"))]
     pub fn register_callback<CB>(&self, callback: CB, dependent: &str) -> Result<u32>
         where