diff --git a/store/store.go b/store/store.go
index d58a5519..9e1dcf47 100644
--- a/store/store.go
+++ b/store/store.go
@@ -644,20 +644,9 @@ func (s *Store) WaitForAppliedFSM(timeout time.Duration) (uint64, error) {
 	return s.WaitForFSMIndex(s.raft.AppliedIndex(), timeout)
 }
 
-// WaitForInitialLogs waits for logs that were in the Store at time of open
-// to be applied to the state machine.
-func (s *Store) WaitForInitialLogs(timeout time.Duration) error {
-	if timeout == 0 {
-		return nil
-	}
-	s.logger.Printf("waiting for up to %s for application of initial logs (lcIdx=%d)",
-		timeout, s.lastCommandIdxOnOpen)
-	return s.WaitForApplied(timeout)
-}
-
 // WaitForApplied waits for all Raft log entries to be applied to the
 // underlying database.
-func (s *Store) WaitForApplied(timeout time.Duration) error {
+func (s *Store) WaitForAllApplied(timeout time.Duration) error {
 	if timeout == 0 {
 		return nil
 	}
@@ -884,7 +873,7 @@ func (s *Store) SetRequestCompression(batch, size int) {
 	s.reqMarshaller.SizeThreshold = size
 }
 
-// WaitForFSMIndex blocks until a given log index has been applied to the
+// WaitForFSMIndex blocks until a given log index has been applied to our
 // state machine or the timeout expires.
 func (s *Store) WaitForFSMIndex(idx uint64, timeout time.Duration) (uint64, error) {
 	tck := time.NewTicker(appliedWaitDelay)
diff --git a/store/store_restart_test.go b/store/store_restart_test.go
index c1a1b2d2..0ab70b70 100644
--- a/store/store_restart_test.go
+++ b/store/store_restart_test.go
@@ -9,7 +9,10 @@ import (
 	command "github.com/rqlite/rqlite/v8/command/proto"
 )
 
-func test_OpenStoreCloseStartup(t *testing.T, s *Store) {
+// Test_OpenStoreCloseStartupSingleNode tests various restart scenarios.
+func Test_OpenStoreCloseStartupSingleNode(t *testing.T) {
+	s, ln := mustNewStore(t)
+	defer ln.Close()
 	if err := s.Open(); err != nil {
 		t.Fatalf("failed to open single-node store: %s", err.Error())
 	}
@@ -27,12 +30,6 @@ func test_OpenStoreCloseStartup(t *testing.T, s *Store) {
 	if err != nil {
 		t.Fatalf("failed to execute on single node: %s", err.Error())
 	}
-
-	fsmIdx, err := s.WaitForAppliedFSM(5 * time.Second)
-	if err != nil {
-		t.Fatalf("failed to wait for fsmIndex: %s", err.Error())
-	}
-
 	if err := s.Close(true); err != nil {
 		t.Fatalf("failed to close single-node store: %s", err.Error())
 	}
@@ -45,25 +42,12 @@ func test_OpenStoreCloseStartup(t *testing.T, s *Store) {
 		t.Fatalf("Error waiting for leader: %s", err)
 	}
 
-	// Wait until the log entries have been applied to the voting follower,
-	// and then query.
-	if _, err := s.WaitForFSMIndex(fsmIdx, 5*time.Second); err != nil {
-		t.Fatalf("error waiting for follower to apply index: %s:", err.Error())
-	}
-
-	qr := queryRequestFromString("SELECT * FROM foo", false, false)
-	qr.Level = command.QueryRequest_QUERY_REQUEST_LEVEL_STRONG
-	r, err := s.Query(qr)
-	if err != nil {
-		t.Fatalf("failed to query single node: %s", err.Error())
-	}
-	if exp, got := `["id","name"]`, asJSON(r[0].Columns); exp != got {
-		t.Fatalf("unexpected results for query\nexp: %s\ngot: %s", exp, got)
-	}
-	if exp, got := `[[1,"fiona"]]`, asJSON(r[0].Values); exp != got {
-		t.Fatalf("unexpected results for query\nexp: %s\ngot: %s", exp, got)
-	}
-
+	testPoll(t, func() bool {
+		qr := queryRequestFromString("SELECT COUNT(*) FROM foo", false, false)
+		qr.Level = command.QueryRequest_QUERY_REQUEST_LEVEL_STRONG
+		r, err := s.Query(qr)
+		return err == nil && asJSON(r) == `[{"columns":["COUNT(*)"],"types":["integer"],"values":[[1]]}]`
+	}, 100*time.Millisecond, 5*time.Second)
 	if err := s.Close(true); err != nil {
 		t.Fatalf("failed to close single-node store: %s", err.Error())
 	}
@@ -114,12 +98,8 @@ func test_OpenStoreCloseStartup(t *testing.T, s *Store) {
 		}
 	}
 
-	fsmIdx, err = s.WaitForAppliedFSM(5 * time.Second)
-	if err != nil {
-		t.Fatalf("failed to wait for fsmIndex: %s", err.Error())
-	}
-
-	// Close and re-open to make sure all continues to work with recovery from snapshot.
+	// Close and re-open to make sure all data is there after starting up
+	// with a snapshot.
 	if err := s.Close(true); err != nil {
 		t.Fatalf("failed to close single-node store: %s", err.Error())
 	}
@@ -129,23 +109,12 @@ func test_OpenStoreCloseStartup(t *testing.T, s *Store) {
 	if _, err := s.WaitForLeader(10 * time.Second); err != nil {
 		t.Fatalf("Error waiting for leader: %s", err)
 	}
-
-	// Wait until the log entries have been applied to the voting follower,
-	// and then query.
-	if _, err := s.WaitForFSMIndex(fsmIdx, 5*time.Second); err != nil {
-		t.Fatalf("error waiting for follower to apply index: %s:", err.Error())
-	}
-
-	qr = queryRequestFromString("SELECT COUNT(*) FROM foo", false, false)
-	qr.Level = command.QueryRequest_QUERY_REQUEST_LEVEL_STRONG
-	r, err = s.Query(qr)
-	if err != nil {
-		t.Fatalf("failed to query single node: %s", err.Error())
-	}
-	if exp, got := `[{"columns":["COUNT(*)"],"types":["integer"],"values":[[10]]}]`, asJSON(r); exp != got {
-		t.Fatalf("unexpected results for query\nexp: %s\ngot: %s", exp, got)
-	}
-
+	testPoll(t, func() bool {
+		qr := queryRequestFromString("SELECT COUNT(*) FROM foo", false, false)
+		qr.Level = command.QueryRequest_QUERY_REQUEST_LEVEL_NONE
+		r, err := s.Query(qr)
+		return err == nil && asJSON(r) == `[{"columns":["COUNT(*)"],"types":["integer"],"values":[[10]]}]`
+	}, 100*time.Millisecond, 5*time.Second)
 	if err := s.Close(true); err != nil {
 		t.Fatalf("failed to close single-node store: %s", err.Error())
 	}
@@ -165,19 +134,13 @@ func test_OpenStoreCloseStartup(t *testing.T, s *Store) {
 	if err != nil {
 		t.Fatalf("failed to execute on single node: %s", err.Error())
 	}
-	qr = queryRequestFromString("SELECT COUNT(*) FROM foo", false, false)
-	r, err = s.Query(qr)
-	if err != nil {
-		t.Fatalf("failed to query single node: %s", err.Error())
-	}
-	if exp, got := `[{"columns":["COUNT(*)"],"types":["integer"],"values":[[11]]}]`, asJSON(r); exp != got {
-		t.Fatalf("unexpected results for query\nexp: %s\ngot: %s", exp, got)
-	}
 
-	fsmIdx, err = s.WaitForAppliedFSM(5 * time.Second)
-	if err != nil {
-		t.Fatalf("failed to wait for fsmIndex: %s", err.Error())
-	}
+	testPoll(t, func() bool {
+		qr := queryRequestFromString("SELECT COUNT(*) FROM foo", false, false)
+		qr.Level = command.QueryRequest_QUERY_REQUEST_LEVEL_NONE
+		r, err := s.Query(qr)
+		return err == nil && asJSON(r) == `[{"columns":["COUNT(*)"],"types":["integer"],"values":[[11]]}]`
+	}, 100*time.Millisecond, 5*time.Second)
 
 	if err := s.Close(true); err != nil {
 		t.Fatalf("failed to close single-node store: %s", err.Error())
@@ -189,30 +152,6 @@ func test_OpenStoreCloseStartup(t *testing.T, s *Store) {
 	if _, err := s.WaitForLeader(10 * time.Second); err != nil {
 		t.Fatalf("Error waiting for leader: %s", err)
 	}
-
-	// Wait until the log entries have been applied to the voting follower,
-	// and then query.
-	if _, err := s.WaitForFSMIndex(fsmIdx, 5*time.Second); err != nil {
-		t.Fatalf("error waiting for follower to apply index: %s:", err.Error())
-	}
-
-	qr = queryRequestFromString("SELECT COUNT(*) FROM foo", false, false)
-	qr.Level = command.QueryRequest_QUERY_REQUEST_LEVEL_STRONG
-	r, err = s.Query(qr)
-	if err != nil {
-		t.Fatalf("failed to query single node: %s", err.Error())
-	}
-	if exp, got := `[{"columns":["COUNT(*)"],"types":["integer"],"values":[[11]]}]`, asJSON(r); exp != got {
-		t.Fatalf("unexpected results for query\nexp: %s\ngot: %s", exp, got)
-	}
-}
-
-// Test_OpenStoreCloseStartupSingleNode tests that on-disk
-// works fine during various restart scenarios.
-func Test_OpenStoreCloseStartupSingleNode(t *testing.T) {
-	s, ln := mustNewStore(t)
-	defer ln.Close()
-	test_OpenStoreCloseStartup(t, s)
 }
 
 func test_SnapshotStress(t *testing.T, s *Store) {